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Relevant markets in the energy sector (in decision-making practice of the Office for the Protection of Competition)
Kujaníková, Tereza ; Eichlerová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Horáček, Tomáš (referee)
Relevant markets in the energy sector (in decision-making practice of the Office for the Protection of Competition) Abstract The purpose of my thesis is to analyze the issue of relevant markets delineation in energy sector. More precisely, to determine which relevant markets have been identified in this sector by the Czech Office for the Protection of Competition, eventually by the European Commission. The reason for my research derives from absence of any comprehensive study dealing with the subject matter, despite its essential importance both for competitors and competition itself. To identify relevant markets is a prerequisite for ruling competition cases by antimonopoly authorities (while assessing concentration of undertakings, abuse of a dominant position or anticompetitive agreements). The thesis is composed of three parts, each of them dealing with different aspects of relevant markets delineation. Part One is introductory and defines scope and basic terminology used in the thesis: competition, competitors and energy. Part Two examines more closely methodology of identifying relevant markets. This part consists of five chapters. Chapter One focuses on relevant market definition and its importance. Chapters Two to Four deal with different perspectives of its delineation, i.e. product, geographic and...
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Reforms of the Ukrainian Energy Industry
Balahura, Milan ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Lídl, Václav (referee)
The energy sector of Ukraine is of strategic importance not only within the national economy, but is also significant from a European perspective, because it includes transit energy networks that are essential for a large part of Europe. The fundamental problem still remains low energy efficiency of the economy, obsolete infrastructure, dysfunctional system and the absence of major reforms. At the moment, another round of reforms is taking place under the influence of a rapprochement with the European Union, to modernize the sector and adapt it to European standards. This work describes the development of the sector and the reform efforts since independence until today with a particular focus on the gas sector and the period 2014 to 2017. This is particularly the developments in the energy market, pricing policies, availability, security and decentralization of the system. In addition, the work also focuses on the development of energy efficiency, the environment and renewable energy sources. Following on the theoretical basis (especially the theory of institutional economics) through analysis of described facts assesses developments in the reforms and their impact on the whole sector including evaluation of the role and influence of oligarchs in these reform attempts. In terms of reforms, four...
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Relevant markets in the energy sector (in decision-making practice of the Office for the Protection of Competition)
Kujaníková, Tereza ; Eichlerová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Horáček, Tomáš (referee)
Relevant markets in the energy sector (in decision-making practice of the Office for the Protection of Competition) Abstract The purpose of my thesis is to analyze the issue of relevant markets delineation in energy sector. More precisely, to determine which relevant markets have been identified in this sector by the Czech Office for the Protection of Competition, eventually by the European Commission. The reason for my research derives from absence of any comprehensive study dealing with the subject matter, despite its essential importance both for competitors and competition itself. To identify relevant markets is a prerequisite for ruling competition cases by antimonopoly authorities (while assessing concentration of undertakings, abuse of a dominant position or anticompetitive agreements). The thesis is composed of three parts, each of them dealing with different aspects of relevant markets delineation. Part One is introductory and defines scope and basic terminology used in the thesis: competition, competitors and energy. Part Two examines more closely methodology of identifying relevant markets. This part consists of five chapters. Chapter One focuses on relevant market definition and its importance. Chapters Two to Four deal with different perspectives of its delineation, i.e. product, geographic and...
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Reforms of the Ukrainian Energy Industry
Balahura, Milan ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Lídl, Václav (referee)
The energy sector of Ukraine is of strategic importance not only within the national economy, but is also significant from a European perspective, because it includes transit energy networks that are essential for a large part of Europe. The fundamental problem still remains low energy efficiency of the economy, obsolete infrastructure, dysfunctional system and the absence of major reforms. At the moment, another round of reforms is taking place under the influence of a rapprochement with the European Union, to modernize the sector and adapt it to European standards. This work describes the development of the sector and the reform efforts since independence until today with a particular focus on the gas sector and the period 2014 to 2017. This is particularly the developments in the energy market, pricing policies, availability, security and decentralization of the system. In addition, the work also focuses on the development of energy efficiency, the environment and renewable energy sources. Following on the theoretical basis (especially the theory of institutional economics) through analysis of described facts assesses developments in the reforms and their impact on the whole sector including evaluation of the role and influence of oligarchs in these reform attempts. In terms of reforms, four...
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Protection of Investments in Gas Sector: The Perspectives of Legal Relations between the European Union and the Russian Federation
Lyapina, Elmira ; Šturma, Pavel (advisor) ; Balaš, Vladimír (referee) ; Stehlík, Václav (referee)
The absence of a relevant legal basis between huge commercial partners such as the EU as a single entity and the Russian Federation promoted the emergence of a legal vacuum. The long term cooperation between Russia and the EU has only one bilateral agreement - the Agreement on Partnership and Cooperation signed in 1994, which is however obsolete, and does not meet the contemporary needs. The adequate legal basis for Russia-EU cooperation in the gas sector is still missing. The protection of investments in the gas sector is being realized by bilateral agreements between Russia and EU member states, soft law and general international agreements, without any specifications for those two partners. The only international instrument covering the energy relations of these two partners - Energy Charter Treaty cannot be considered as a reliable mechanism, as Russia withdrew from it more than 8 years ago. The reasons of the withdrawal and the Yukos case as an illustrative example are discussed in this paper. In order to avoid uncertainty in such strategic area as gas investment relations and unpredictable decisions between the states represented by the commercial entities, there is a need to design a substantive legal basis, and a need to consider on the adequate dispute resolution body. In this thesis, key...
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Construction of transit gas pipeline in Czechoslovakia through the eyes of contemporaries
Bucharová, Linda ; Houda, Přemysl (advisor) ; Krátká, Lenka (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the history and the development of the gas industry in Czechoslovakia, namely the construction of the transit gas pipeline and development of the gas transit system. One of the part of this thesis is a history of the coal gas and the reasons for its gradual replacement by a natural gas. The metodology of this thesis is based mainly on interviews based on the method of oral history, on archival records, and contemporary literature. Primarily it is focused on oral history fieldwork, particularly on the personal experiences of narrators who were direct participants in the construction. This work is also focused on the circumstances of the negotiations of the construction of a transit gas pipeline and further expansion of the transit system from the seventies to the nineties of the 20th century. Keywords Transit pipeline, natural gas, gas industry, economy, energetics, coal gas, normalization
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The impacts of the policy entrepreneurship of the European Commission in the field of energy on the gas markets of Bulgaria, the Czech Republic and Lithuania
Bednář, Martin ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Škrábalová, Lenka (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to explain the current dynamical development of the energy policy of the EU with the focus on the gas sector. Furthermore, this work examines what role in that process plays the European Commission. Lastly, it seeks to ascertain whether the EU's energy policy has a real impact on the development of the gas markets of Bulgaria, Czech Republic and Lithuania. The first two questions are answered with the aid of John W. Kingdon's Multiple stream theory. The conclusion has it that the key role in the creation of the EU's energy policy was taken up by the European Commission, which can be described as the Kingdon's policy entrepreneur. As a true entrepreneur the Commission attempted to build the way for the creation of the single EU gas market, which would be based on sufficient cross-border infrastructure and diversified gas imports. Such a conclusion is supported by the Commission's activities leading to the adoption of important energy legislation, as the third energy package, and essential funds as were European Energy Programme for Recovery and the Connecting Europe Facility. Latter, this work looks into the third research question. On the case studies of Bulgaria, the Czech Republic and Lithuania it proves, that the outputs of the entrepreneur activities of the Commission...
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Competition in the Gas Industry in the Czech Republic
Hlaváčová, Ewa ; Vopátek, Jiří (advisor) ; Syrovátka, Oldřich (referee)
In this bachelor thesis I have performed a competitor analysis of the gas market in the Czech Republic and described the overall situation in the natural gas market. The main focus is the analysis of all subjects operating in the gas market and analysis of the prices and charges. The bachelor thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part I have defined the basic theoretical concepts and knowledge of the natural gas market including its history and the evolution of energy policy. In the practical part I have presented the particular market players and their role in the industry. The main objective was to determine whether the gas market is competitive or not. In the final part there is an analysis of offerings of selected suppliers and the description of competitive tools. Finally, this thesis includes recommendations for the market players and for the final consumers of natural gas.
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Gas industry and natural gas trade in the Czech Republic
Procházka, Václav ; Sedláček, Jiří (advisor) ; Šichová, Lucie (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the development of the gas industry and natural gas trade in the Czech Republic. The goal of this thesis is to analyze the trade and consumption of natural gas in the Czech Republic and to evaluate the position of Czech Republic as a transit country, supplying European countries with this scarce energy source. The introduction reviews the history and development of the gas industry in the Czech Republic. This further includes the description of entities operating on the Czech natural gas market. The main part focuses on the evaluation of the importance of natural gas to European countries and especially on the analysis of imports and exports of Czech Republic. The last part deals with the analysis of the Czech natural gas transit and its importance for Europe's energy security.
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